OPC Studio User's Guide and Reference
BrowseNodes Method (IEasyDAClientExtension)
Example 



OpcLabs.EasyOpcClassicCore Assembly > OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess Namespace > IEasyDAClientExtension Class : BrowseNodes Method
The client object that will perform the operation.
Name of the machine (empty string for local computer).
Contains ProgID of the OPC server to browse.
ID of the parent branch to be browsed (empty string for root)
Contains filtering conditions.

Browses the specified branch (or root) in OPC server's address space, and returns information about child nodes (both branches and leaves) found.

Browse for child nodes. Specify machine name, server class, parent item ID, and node filter.

Syntax
'Declaration
 
<ExtensionAttribute()>
<ElementsNotNullAttribute()>
<NotNullAttribute()>
Public Shared Function BrowseNodes( _
   ByVal client As IEasyDAClient, _
   ByVal machineName As String, _
   ByVal serverClass As String, _
   ByVal parentItemId As String, _
   ByVal browseParameters As DABrowseParameters _
) As DANodeElementCollection
'Usage
 
Dim client As IEasyDAClient
Dim machineName As String
Dim serverClass As String
Dim parentItemId As String
Dim browseParameters As DABrowseParameters
Dim value As DANodeElementCollection
 
value = IEasyDAClientExtension.BrowseNodes(client, machineName, serverClass, parentItemId, browseParameters)

Parameters

client
The client object that will perform the operation.
machineName
Name of the machine (empty string for local computer).
serverClass
Contains ProgID of the OPC server to browse.
parentItemId
ID of the parent branch to be browsed (empty string for root)
browseParameters
Contains filtering conditions.

Return Value

The method returns a keyed collection of OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess.AddressSpace.DANodeElement values, each containing information about a particular node found. The keys of the keyed collection are the names of the nodes.
Exceptions
ExceptionDescription

A null reference (Nothing in Visual Basic) is passed to a method that does not accept it as a valid argument.

This is a usage error, i.e. it will never occur (the exception will not be thrown) in a correctly written program. Your code should not catch this exception.

The OPC "Classic" (or OPC XML-DA) operation has failed. This operation exception in uniformly used to allow common handling of various kinds of errors. The System.Exception.InnerException always contains information about the actual error cause.

This is an operation error that depends on factors external to your program, and thus cannot be always avoided. Your code must handle it appropriately.

Example

.NET

.NET

.NET

.NET

.NET

// This example shows how to obtain all nodes under the "Simulation" branch of the address space. For each node, it displays
// whether the node is a branch or a leaf.
//
// Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .

using System;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess.AddressSpace;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel;

namespace DocExamples.DataAccess._EasyDAClient
{
    partial class BrowseNodes
    {
        public static void Main1()
        {
            // Instantiate the client object.
            var client = new EasyDAClient();

            DANodeElementCollection nodeElements;
            try
            {
                nodeElements = client.BrowseNodes("", "OPCLabs.KitServer.2", "Greenhouse", DABrowseParameters.Default);
            }
            catch (OpcException opcException)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"*** Failure: {opcException.GetBaseException().Message}");
                return;
            }

            foreach (DANodeElement nodeElement in nodeElements)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"NodeElements(\"{nodeElement.Name}\"):");
                Console.WriteLine($"    .IsBranch: {nodeElement.IsBranch}");
                Console.WriteLine($"    .IsLeaf: {nodeElement.IsLeaf}");
            }
        }
    }
}
# This example shows how to obtain all nodes under the "Simulation" branch of the address space. For each node, it displays
# whether the node is a branch or a leaf.
#
# Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .

#requires -Version 5.1
using namespace OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel
using namespace OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess

# The path below assumes that the current directory is [ProductDir]/Examples-NET/PowerShell/Windows .
Add-Type -Path "../../../Components/Opclabs.QuickOpc/net472/OpcLabs.EasyOpcClassicCore.dll"
Add-Type -Path "../../../Components/Opclabs.QuickOpc/net472/OpcLabs.EasyOpcClassic.dll"
Add-Type -Path "../../../Components/Opclabs.QuickOpc/net472/OpcLabs.EasyOpcClassicComponents.dll"

# Instantiate the client object.
$client = New-Object EasyDAClient

try {
    $nodeElements = [IEasyDAClientExtension]::BrowseNodes($client,
        "", "OPCLabs.KitServer.2", "Greenhouse", [DABrowseParameters]::Default)
}
catch [OpcException] {
    Write-Host "*** Failure: $($PSItem.Exception.GetBaseException().Message)"
    return
}

Foreach ($nodeElement in $nodeElements) {
    Write-Host "NodeElements(`"$($nodeElement.Name)`"):"
    Write-Host "    .IsBranch: $($nodeElement.IsBranch)"
    Write-Host "    .IsLeaf: $($nodeElement.IsLeaf)"
}
# This example shows how to obtain all nodes under the "Simulation" branch of the address space. For each node, it displays
# whether the node is a branch or a leaf.
#
# Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .
# OPC client and subscriber examples in Python on GitHub: https://github.com/OPCLabs/Examples-QuickOPC-Python .
# The QuickOPC package is needed. Install it using "pip install opclabs_quickopc".
import opclabs_quickopc

# Import .NET namespaces.
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess import *
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel import *


# Instantiate the client object
client = EasyDAClient()

# Perform the operation
try:
    nodeElements = IEasyDAClientExtension.BrowseNodes(client,
        '', 'OPCLabs.KitServer.2', 'Greenhouse', DABrowseParameters.Default)
except OpcException as opcException:
    print('*** Failure: ' + opcException.GetBaseException().Message)
    exit()

# Display results
for nodeElement in nodeElements:
    print('NodeElements("' + nodeElement.Name + '"):')
    print('    .IsBranch:', nodeElement.IsBranch)
    print('    .IsLeaf:', nodeElement.IsLeaf)


# Example output:
#
#NodeElements("Register_ArrayOfI1"):
#    .IsBranch: False
#    .IsLeaf: True
#NodeElements("Register_ArrayOfI2"):
#    .IsBranch: False
#    .IsLeaf: True
#NodeElements("Register_ArrayOfI4"):
#    .IsBranch: False
#    .IsLeaf: True
#NodeElements("Staircase 0:2 (10 s)"):
#    .IsBranch: False
#    .IsLeaf: True
#NodeElements("Constant_VARIANT"):
#    .IsBranch: False
#    .IsLeaf: True
#...
' This example shows how to obtain all nodes under the "Simulation" branch of the address space. For each node, it displays
' whether the node is a branch or a leaf.
'
' Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .

Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess.AddressSpace
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel

Namespace DataAccess._EasyDAClient
    Partial Friend Class BrowseNodes
        Shared Sub Main1()
            Dim client = New EasyDAClient()

            Dim nodeElements As DANodeElementCollection
            Try
                nodeElements = client.BrowseNodes("", "OPCLabs.KitServer.2", "Greenhouse", DABrowseParameters.Default)
            Catch opcException As OpcException
                Console.WriteLine("*** Failure: {0}", opcException.GetBaseException().Message)
                Exit Sub
            End Try

            For Each nodeElement In nodeElements
                Console.WriteLine($"NodeElements(""{nodeElement.Name}""):")
                Console.WriteLine($"    .IsBranch: {nodeElement.IsBranch}")
                Console.WriteLine($"    .IsLeaf: {nodeElement.IsLeaf}")
            Next nodeElement

        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace
// This example shows how to obtain data types of leaves in the OPC-DA address 
// space by browsing and filtering, i.e. without the use of OPC properties. 
// This technique allows determining the data types with servers that only 
// support OPC-DA 1.0. It can also be more effective than the use of 
// GetMultiplePropertyValues, if there is large number of leaves, and 
// relatively small number of data types to be checked.
//
// Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using OpcLabs.BaseLib.ComInterop;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess.AddressSpace;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel;

namespace DocExamples.DataAccess._EasyDAClient
{
    partial class BrowseNodes
    {
        public static void DataTypes()
        {
            // Instantiate the client object.
            var client = new EasyDAClient();

            // Define the list of data types we will be checking for. 
            // Change as needed for your application.
            // This technique is only usable if there is a known list of 
            // data types you are interested in. If you are interested in 
            // all leaves, even those that are of data types not explicitly 
            // listed, always include VarTypes.Empty as the first data type. 
            // The leaves of "unlisted" data types will have VarTypes.Empty 
            // associated with them.
            var dataTypes = new VarType[] { VarTypes.Empty, VarTypes.I2, VarTypes.R4 };

            // For each leaf found, this dictionary wil hold its associated data type.
            var dataTypeDictionary = new Dictionary<DANodeElement, VarType>();

            // For each data type, browse for leaves of this data type.
            foreach (VarType dataType in dataTypes)
            {
                var browseParameters = new DABrowseParameters(DABrowseFilter.Leaves, "", "", dataType);
                DANodeElementCollection nodeElements;
                try
                {
                    nodeElements = client.BrowseNodes("", "OPCLabs.KitServer.2", "Greenhouse", browseParameters);
                }
                catch (OpcException opcException)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("*** Failure: {0}", opcException.GetBaseException().Message);
                    return;
                }

                // Store the leaf information into the dictionary, and 
                // associate the current data type with it.
                foreach (var nodeElement in nodeElements)
                    dataTypeDictionary[nodeElement] = dataType;
            }

            // Display each leaf found, and its associated data type.
            foreach (KeyValuePair<DANodeElement, VarType> pair in dataTypeDictionary)
            {
                DANodeElement nodeElement = pair.Key;
                VarType dataType = pair.Value;
                Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", nodeElement, dataType);
            }
        }
    }
}
# This example shows how to obtain data types of leaves in the OPC-DA address
# space by browsing and filtering, i.e. without the use of OPC properties.
# This technique allows determining the data types with servers that only
# support OPC-DA 1.0. It can also be more effective than the use of
# GetMultiplePropertyValues, if there is large number of leaves, and
# relatively small number of data types to be checked.
#
# Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .
# OPC client and subscriber examples in Python on GitHub: https://github.com/OPCLabs/Examples-QuickOPC-Python .
# The QuickOPC package is needed. Install it using "pip install opclabs_quickopc".
import opclabs_quickopc

# Import .NET namespaces.
from OpcLabs.BaseLib.ComInterop import *
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess import *
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel import *

# Instantiate the client object.
client = EasyDAClient()

# Define the list of data types we will be checking for.
# Change as needed for your application.
# This technique is only usable if there is a known list of
# data types you are interested in. If you are interested in
# all leaves, even those that are of data types not explicitly
# listed, always include VarTypes.Empty as the first data type.
# The leaves of "unlisted" data types will have VarTypes.Empty
# associated with them.
dataTypes = [VarType(VarTypes.Empty), VarType(VarTypes.I2), VarType(VarTypes.R4)]

# For each leaf found, this dictionary wil hold its associated data type.
dataTypeDictionary = {}

# For each data type, browse for leaves of this data type.
for dataType in dataTypes:
    browseParameters = DABrowseParameters(DABrowseFilter.Leaves, '', '', dataType)
    try:
        nodeElements = IEasyDAClientExtension.BrowseNodes(client,
                                                          '', 'OPCLabs.KitServer.2', 'Greenhouse', browseParameters)
    except OpcException as opcException:
        print('*** Failure: ' + opcException.GetBaseException().Message)
        exit()

    # Store the leaf information into the dictionary, and
    # associate the current data type with it.
    for nodeElement in nodeElements:
        dataTypeDictionary[nodeElement] = dataType

# Display each leaf found, and its associated data type.
for nodeElement, dataType in dataTypeDictionary.items():
    print(nodeElement, ': ', dataType, sep='')
' This example shows how to obtain data types of leaves in the OPC-DA address 
' space by browsing and filtering, i.e. without the use of OPC properties. 
' This technique allows determining the data types with servers that only 
' support OPC-DA 1.0. It can also be more effective than the use of 
' GetMultiplePropertyValues, if there is large number of leaves, and 
' relatively small number of data types to be checked.
'
' Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .

Imports OpcLabs.BaseLib.ComInterop
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess.AddressSpace
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel

Namespace DataAccess._EasyDAClient
    Partial Friend Class BrowseNodes
        Shared Sub DataTypes()
            Dim client = New EasyDAClient()

            ' Define the list of data types we will be checking for. 
            ' Change as needed for your application.
            ' This technique is only usable if there is a known list of 
            ' data types you are interested in. If you are interested in 
            ' all leaves, even those that are of data types not explicitly 
            ' listed, always include VarTypes.Empty as the first data type. 
            ' The leaves of "unlisted" data types will have VarTypes.Empty 
            ' associated with them.
            Dim dataTypes() = New VarType() {VarTypes.Empty, VarTypes.I2, VarTypes.R4}

            ' For each leaf found, this dictionary wil hold its associated data type.
            Dim dataTypeDictionary = New Dictionary(Of DANodeElement, VarType)()

            ' For each data type, browse for leaves of this data type.
            For Each dataType As VarType In dataTypes
                Dim browseParameters = New DABrowseParameters(DABrowseFilter.Leaves, "", "", dataType)
                Dim nodeElements As DANodeElementCollection
                Try
                    nodeElements = client.BrowseNodes("", "OPCLabs.KitServer.2", "Greenhouse", browseParameters)
                Catch opcException As OpcException
                    Console.WriteLine("*** Failure: {0}", opcException.GetBaseException().Message)
                    Exit Sub
                End Try

                ' Store the leaf information into the dictionary, and 
                ' associate the current data type with it.
                For Each nodeElement In nodeElements
                    dataTypeDictionary(nodeElement) = dataType
                Next nodeElement
            Next dataType

            For Each pair In dataTypeDictionary
                Dim nodeElement As DANodeElement = pair.Key
                Dim dataType As VarType = pair.Value
                Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", nodeElement, dataType)
            Next pair
        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace
// This example shows how to recursively browse the nodes in the OPC address space.
//
// Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess.AddressSpace;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel;

namespace DocExamples.DataAccess._EasyDAClient
{
    partial class BrowseNodes
    {
        public static void Recursive()
        {
            var stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
            stopwatch.Start();

            // Instantiate the client object.
            var client = new EasyDAClient();
            _branchCount = 0;
            _leafCount = 0;

            try
            {
                BrowseFromNode(client, "OPCLabs.KitServer.2", "");
            }
            catch (OpcException opcException)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("*** Failure: {0}", opcException.GetBaseException().Message);
                return;
            }

            stopwatch.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Browsing has taken (milliseconds): {0}", stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);
            Console.WriteLine("Branch count: {0}", _branchCount);
            Console.WriteLine("Leaf count: {0}", _leafCount);
        }

        private static void BrowseFromNode(
            EasyDAClient client,
            ServerDescriptor serverDescriptor,
            DANodeDescriptor parentNodeDescriptor)
        {
            Debug.Assert(client != null);
            Debug.Assert(serverDescriptor != null);
            Debug.Assert(parentNodeDescriptor != null);

            // Obtain all node elements under parentNodeDescriptor
            var browseParameters = new DABrowseParameters();    // no filtering whatsoever
            DANodeElementCollection nodeElementCollection =
                client.BrowseNodes(serverDescriptor, parentNodeDescriptor, browseParameters);
            // Remark: that BrowseNodes(...) may also throw OpcException; a production code should contain handling for 
            // it, here omitted for brevity.

            foreach (DANodeElement nodeElement in nodeElementCollection)
            {
                Debug.Assert(nodeElement != null);

                Console.WriteLine(nodeElement);

                // If the node is a branch, browse recursively into it.
                if (nodeElement.IsBranch)
                {
                    _branchCount++;
                    BrowseFromNode(client, serverDescriptor, nodeElement);
                }
                else
                {
                    _leafCount++;
                }
            }
        }

        private static int _branchCount;
        private static int _leafCount;
    }
}
# This example shows how to recursively browse the nodes in the OPC address space.
#
# Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .
# OPC client and subscriber examples in Python on GitHub: https://github.com/OPCLabs/Examples-QuickOPC-Python .
# The QuickOPC package is needed. Install it using "pip install opclabs_quickopc".
import opclabs_quickopc
import timeit

# Import .NET namespaces.
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc import *
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess import *
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel import *


def browseFromNode(client, serverDescriptor, parentNodeDescriptor):
    global branchCount
    global leafCount

    assert client is not None
    assert serverDescriptor is not None
    assert parentNodeDescriptor is not None

    # Obtain all node elements under parentNodeDescriptor.
    browseParameters = DABrowseParameters() # no filtering whatsoever
    nodeElementCollection = client.BrowseNodes(serverDescriptor, parentNodeDescriptor, browseParameters)
    # BrowseNodes(...) may also throw OpcException; here it is handled by the caller.

    for nodeElement in nodeElementCollection:
        assert nodeElement is not None
        print(nodeElement)

        # If the node is a branch, browse recursively into it.
        if nodeElement.IsBranch:
            branchCount = branchCount + 1
            browseFromNode(client, serverDescriptor, DANodeDescriptor(nodeElement))
        else:
            leafCount = leafCount + 1


beginTime = timeit.default_timer()

# Instantiate the client object.
client = EasyDAClient()
branchCount = 0
leafCount = 0

try:
    browseFromNode(client, ServerDescriptor('OPCLabs.KitServer.2'), DANodeDescriptor(''))
except OpcException as opcException:
    print('*** Failure: ' + opcException.GetBaseException().Message)
    exit()

endTime = timeit.default_timer()
print()
print('Browsing has taken (milliseconds): ',(endTime - beginTime)*1000)
print('Branch count: ', branchCount);
print('Leaf count: ', leafCount);
' This example shows how to recursively browse the nodes in the OPC address space.
'
' Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .

Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess.AddressSpace
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel

Namespace DataAccess._EasyDAClient
    Partial Friend Class BrowseNodes

        Shared Sub Recursive()
            Dim stopwatch = New Stopwatch()
            stopwatch.Start()

            Dim client = New EasyDAClient()
            _branchCount = 0
            _leafCount = 0

            Try
                BrowseFromNode(client, "OPCLabs.KitServer.2", "")
            Catch opcException As OpcException
                Console.WriteLine("*** Failure: {0}", opcException.GetBaseException().Message)
                Exit Sub
            End Try

            stopwatch.Stop()
            Console.WriteLine("Browsing has taken (milliseconds): {0}", stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds)
            Console.WriteLine("Branch count: {0}", _branchCount)
            Console.WriteLine("Leaf count: {0}", _leafCount)
        End Sub

        Private Shared Sub BrowseFromNode( _
            client As EasyDAClient,
            serverDescriptor As ServerDescriptor,
            parentNodeDescriptor As DANodeDescriptor)

            Debug.Assert(client IsNot Nothing)
            Debug.Assert(serverDescriptor IsNot Nothing)
            Debug.Assert(parentNodeDescriptor IsNot Nothing)

            ' Obtain all node elements under parentNodeDescriptor
            Dim browseParameters = New DABrowseParameters() ' no filtering whatsoever
            Dim nodeElementCollection As DANodeElementCollection =
                client.BrowseNodes(serverDescriptor, parentNodeDescriptor, browseParameters)
            ' Remark: that BrowseNodes(...) may also throw OpcException; a production code should contain handling for 
            ' it, here omitted for brevity.

            For Each nodeElement As DANodeElement In nodeElementCollection
                Debug.Assert(nodeElement IsNot Nothing)

                Console.WriteLine(nodeElement)

                ' If the node is a branch, browse recursively into it.
                If nodeElement.IsBranch Then
                    _branchCount += 1
                    BrowseFromNode(client, serverDescriptor, nodeElement)
                Else
                    _leafCount += 1
                End If
            Next nodeElement
        End Sub

        Private Shared _branchCount As Integer
        Private Shared _leafCount As Integer
    End Class
End Namespace
// Recursively browses and displays the nodes in the OPC address space, and attempts to read and display values of all OPC 
// items it finds.
//
// Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess.AddressSpace;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel;

namespace DocExamples.DataAccess._EasyDAClient
{
    partial class BrowseNodes
    {
        const string ServerClass = "OPCLabs.KitServer.2";

        // Instantiate the client object.
        static readonly EasyDAClient Client = new EasyDAClient();

        static void BrowseAndReadFromNode(string parentItemId)
        {
            // Obtain all node elements under parentItemId
            var browseParameters = new DABrowseParameters(); // no filtering whatsoever
            DANodeElementCollection nodeElementCollection = Client.BrowseNodes("", ServerClass, parentItemId,
                browseParameters);
            // Remark: that BrowseNodes(...) may also throw OpcException; a production code should contain handling for it, here 
            // omitted for brevity.

            foreach (DANodeElement nodeElement in nodeElementCollection)
            {
                Debug.Assert(nodeElement != null);

                // If the node is a leaf, it might be possible to read from it
                if (nodeElement.IsLeaf)
                {
                    // Determine what the display - either the value read, or exception message in case of failure.
                    string display;
                    try
                    {
                        object value = Client.ReadItemValue("", ServerClass, nodeElement);
                        display = $"{value}";
                    }
                    catch (OpcException exception)
                    {
                        display = $"** {exception.GetBaseException().Message} **";
                    }

                    Console.WriteLine("{0} -> {1}", nodeElement.ItemId, display);
                }
                // If the node is not a leaf, just display its itemId
                else
                    Console.WriteLine("{0}", nodeElement.ItemId);

                // If the node is a branch, browse recursively into it.
                if (nodeElement.IsBranch &&
                    (nodeElement.ItemId != "SimulateEvents")
                    /* this branch is too big for the purpose of this example */)
                    BrowseAndReadFromNode(nodeElement);
            }
        }

        public static void RecursiveWithRead()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Browsing and reading values...");
            // Set timeout to only wait 1 second - default would be 1 minute to wait for good quality that may never come.
            Client.InstanceParameters.Timeouts.ReadItem = 1000;

            // Do the actual browsing and reading, starting from root of OPC address space (denoted by empty string for itemId)
            try
            {
                BrowseAndReadFromNode("");
            }
            catch (OpcException opcException)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("*** Failure: {0}", opcException.GetBaseException().Message);
            }
        }
    }
}
# Recursively browses and displays the nodes in the OPC address space, and attempts to read and display values of all
# OPC items it finds.
#
# Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .
# OPC client and subscriber examples in Python on GitHub: https://github.com/OPCLabs/Examples-QuickOPC-Python .
# The QuickOPC package is needed. Install it using "pip install opclabs_quickopc".
import opclabs_quickopc

# Import .NET namespaces.
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc import *
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess import *
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel import *

SERVER_CLASS = 'OPCLabs.KitServer.2'


def browseAndReadFromNode(parentItemId):
    global client
    #
    # Obtain all node elements under parentItemId.
    browseParameters = DABrowseParameters()  # no filtering whatsoever
    nodeElementCollection = client.BrowseNodes(ServerDescriptor(SERVER_CLASS),
                                               DANodeDescriptor(parentItemId),
                                               browseParameters)
    # BrowseNodes(...) may also throw OpcException; here it is handled by the caller.
    #
    for nodeElement in nodeElementCollection:
        assert nodeElement is not None
        print(nodeElement)

        # If the node is a leaf, it might be possible to read from it.
        if nodeElement.IsLeaf:
            # Determine what to display - either the value read, or exception message in case of failure.
            try:
                value = IEasyDAClientExtension.ReadItemValue(client, '', SERVER_CLASS, nodeElement.ItemId)
                display = value
            except OpcException as opcException:
                display = '** ' + opcException.GetBaseException().Message + ' **'
            #
            print(nodeElement.ItemId, ' -> ', display, sep='')
        # If the node is not a leaf, just display its itemId.
        else:
            print(nodeElement.ItemId)

        # If the node is a branch, browse recursively into it.
        if nodeElement.IsBranch and nodeElement.ItemId != 'SimulateEvents':
            # this branch is too big for the purpose of this example
            browseAndReadFromNode(nodeElement.ItemId)


# Instantiate the client object.
client = EasyDAClient('Browsing and reading values...')

print('Browsing and reading values...')

# Do the actual browsing and reading, starting from root of OPC address space (denoted by empty string for itemId).
try:
    browseAndReadFromNode('')
except OpcException as opcException:
    print('*** Failure: ' + opcException.GetBaseException().Message)
    exit()

print()
print('Finished.')
' Recursively browses and displays the nodes in the OPC address space, and attempts to read and display values of all OPC 
' items it finds.
'
' Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .

Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess.AddressSpace
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel

Namespace DataAccess._EasyDAClient
    Partial Friend Class BrowseNodes
        Private Const ServerClass As String = "OPCLabs.KitServer.2"

        Private Shared ReadOnly Client As New EasyDAClient()

        Private Shared Sub BrowseAndReadFromNode(parentItemId As String)
            ' Obtain all node elements under parentItemId
            Dim browseParameters = New DABrowseParameters() ' no filtering whatsoever
            Dim nodeElementCollection As DANodeElementCollection = Client.BrowseNodes("", ServerClass, parentItemId, browseParameters)
            ' Remark: that BrowseNodes(...) may also throw OpcException; a production code should contain handling for it, here 
            ' omitted for brevity.

            For Each nodeElement As DANodeElement In nodeElementCollection
                Debug.Assert(nodeElement IsNot Nothing)

                ' If the node is a leaf, it might be possible to read from it
                If nodeElement.IsLeaf Then
                    ' Determine what the display - either the value read, or exception message in case of failure.
                    Dim display As String
                    Try
                        Dim value As Object = Client.ReadItemValue("", ServerClass, nodeElement.ItemId)
                        display = String.Format("{0}", value)
                    Catch exception As OpcException
                        display = String.Format("** {0} **", exception.GetBaseException().Message)
                    End Try

                    Console.WriteLine("{0} -> {1}", nodeElement.ItemId, display)
                    ' If the node is not a leaf, just display its itemId
                Else
                    Console.WriteLine("{0}", nodeElement.ItemId)
                End If

                ' If the node is a branch, browse recursively into it.
                If nodeElement.IsBranch AndAlso (nodeElement.ItemId <> "SimulateEvents") Then ' this branch is too big for the purpose of this example
                    BrowseAndReadFromNode(nodeElement.ItemId)
                End If
            Next nodeElement
        End Sub

        Shared Sub RecursiveWithRead()
            Console.WriteLine("Browsing and reading values...")
            ' Set timeout to only wait 1 second - default would be 1 minute to wait for good quality that may never come.
            Client.InstanceParameters.Timeouts.ReadItem = 1000

            ' Do the actual browsing and reading, starting from root of OPC address space (denoted by empty string for itemId)
            Try
                BrowseAndReadFromNode("")
            Catch opcException As OpcException
                Console.WriteLine("*** Failure: {0}", opcException.GetBaseException().Message)
                Exit Sub
            End Try
        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace
// This example shows how to recursively browse the nodes in the OPC XML-DA address space.
//
// Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess.AddressSpace;
using OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel;

namespace DocExamples.DataAccess.Xml
{
    class BrowseNodes
    {
        public static void RecursiveXml()
        {
            var stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
            stopwatch.Start();

            // Instantiate the client object.
            var client = new EasyDAClient();

            _branchCount = 0;
            _leafCount = 0;

            try
            {
                BrowseFromNode(client, "http://opcxml.demo-this.com/XmlDaSampleServer/Service.asmx", "");
            }
            catch (OpcException opcException)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("*** Failure: {0}", opcException.GetBaseException().Message);
                return;
            }

            stopwatch.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Browsing has taken (milliseconds): {0}", stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);
            Console.WriteLine("Branch count: {0}", _branchCount);
            Console.WriteLine("Leaf count: {0}", _leafCount);
        }

        private static void BrowseFromNode(
            EasyDAClient client,
            ServerDescriptor serverDescriptor,
            DANodeDescriptor parentNodeDescriptor)
        {
            Debug.Assert(client != null);
            Debug.Assert(serverDescriptor != null);
            Debug.Assert(parentNodeDescriptor != null);

            // Obtain all node elements under parentNodeDescriptor
            var browseParameters = new DABrowseParameters();    // no filtering whatsoever
            DANodeElementCollection nodeElementCollection =
                client.BrowseNodes(serverDescriptor, parentNodeDescriptor, browseParameters);
            // Remark: that BrowseNodes(...) may also throw OpcException; a production code should contain handling for 
            // it, here omitted for brevity.

            foreach (DANodeElement nodeElement in nodeElementCollection)
            {
                Debug.Assert(nodeElement != null);

                Console.WriteLine(nodeElement);

                // If the node is a branch, browse recursively into it.
                if (nodeElement.IsBranch)
                {
                    _branchCount++;
                    BrowseFromNode(client, serverDescriptor, nodeElement);
                }
                else
                {
                    _leafCount++;
                }
            }
        }

        private static int _branchCount;
        private static int _leafCount;
    }
}
# This example shows how to recursively browse the nodes in the OPC XML-DA address space.
#
# Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .
# OPC client and subscriber examples in Python on GitHub: https://github.com/OPCLabs/Examples-QuickOPC-Python .
# The QuickOPC package is needed. Install it using "pip install opclabs_quickopc".
import opclabs_quickopc
import timeit

# Import .NET namespaces.
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc import *
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess import *
from OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel import *


def browseFromNode(client, serverDescriptor, parentNodeDescriptor):
    global branchCount
    global leafCount

    assert client is not None
    assert serverDescriptor is not None
    assert parentNodeDescriptor is not None

    # Obtain all node elements under parentNodeDescriptor.
    browseParameters = DABrowseParameters() # no filtering whatsoever
    nodeElementCollection = client.BrowseNodes(serverDescriptor, parentNodeDescriptor, browseParameters)
    # BrowseNodes(...) may also throw OpcException; here it is handled by the caller.

    for nodeElement in nodeElementCollection:
        assert nodeElement is not None
        print(nodeElement)

        # If the node is a branch, browse recursively into it.
        if nodeElement.IsBranch:
            branchCount = branchCount + 1
            browseFromNode(client, serverDescriptor, DANodeDescriptor(nodeElement))
        else:
            leafCount = leafCount + 1


beginTime = timeit.default_timer()

# Instantiate the client object.
client = EasyDAClient()
branchCount = 0
leafCount = 0

try:
    browseFromNode(client,
                   ServerDescriptor('http://opcxml.demo-this.com/XmlDaSampleServer/Service.asmx'),
                   DANodeDescriptor(''))
except OpcException as opcException:
    print('*** Failure: ' + opcException.GetBaseException().Message)
    exit()

endTime = timeit.default_timer()
print()
print('Browsing has taken (milliseconds): ',(endTime - beginTime)*1000)
print('Branch count: ', branchCount);
print('Leaf count: ', leafCount);
' This example shows how to recursively browse the nodes in the OPC XML-DA address space.
'
' Find all latest examples here: https://opclabs.doc-that.com/files/onlinedocs/OPCLabs-OpcStudio/Latest/examples.html .

Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.DataAccess.AddressSpace
Imports OpcLabs.EasyOpc.OperationModel

Namespace DataAccess.Xml
    Partial Friend Class BrowseNodes

        Shared Sub RecursiveXml()
            Dim stopwatch = New Stopwatch()
            stopwatch.Start()

            Dim client = New EasyDAClient()
            _branchCount = 0
            _leafCount = 0

            Try
                BrowseFromNode(client, "http://opcxml.demo-this.com/XmlDaSampleServer/Service.asmx", "")
            Catch opcException As OpcException
                Console.WriteLine("*** Failure: {0}", opcException.GetBaseException().Message)
                Exit Sub
            End Try

            stopwatch.Stop()
            Console.WriteLine("Browsing has taken (milliseconds): {0}", stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds)
            Console.WriteLine("Branch count: {0}", _branchCount)
            Console.WriteLine("Leaf count: {0}", _leafCount)
        End Sub

        Private Shared Sub BrowseFromNode( _
            client As EasyDAClient,
            serverDescriptor As ServerDescriptor,
            parentNodeDescriptor As DANodeDescriptor)

            Debug.Assert(client IsNot Nothing)
            Debug.Assert(serverDescriptor IsNot Nothing)
            Debug.Assert(parentNodeDescriptor IsNot Nothing)

            ' Obtain all node elements under parentNodeDescriptor
            Dim browseParameters = New DABrowseParameters() ' no filtering whatsoever
            Dim nodeElementCollection As DANodeElementCollection =
                client.BrowseNodes(serverDescriptor, parentNodeDescriptor, browseParameters)
            ' Remark: that BrowseNodes(...) may also throw OpcException; a production code should contain handling for 
            ' it, here omitted for brevity.

            For Each nodeElement As DANodeElement In nodeElementCollection
                Debug.Assert(nodeElement IsNot Nothing)

                Console.WriteLine(nodeElement)

                ' If the node is a branch, browse recursively into it.
                If nodeElement.IsBranch Then
                    _branchCount += 1
                    BrowseFromNode(client, serverDescriptor, nodeElement)
                Else
                    _leafCount += 1
                End If
            Next nodeElement
        End Sub

        Private Shared _branchCount As Integer
        Private Shared _leafCount As Integer
    End Class
End Namespace
Requirements

Target Platforms: .NET Framework: Windows 10 (selected versions), Windows 11 (selected versions), Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2022; .NET: Linux, macOS, Microsoft Windows

See Also